Valgus deformation of the foot in children is a pathology in which the distance between the internal sides of the ankles is 4 to 5 cm or more during tight compression and the recovery of the legs.At the same time, the heel, as well as the fingers, go outside, and the interior arches of the feet seem to be flooded inwards.
In orthopedics, such a curvature of the legs is called X -shaped (with a deformation varus of the feet, on the contrary, an O -shaped curvature is observed).If, on the bottom of the valgus deformation, a decrease in the height of the arches of the feet is noted, they say that it is a deformation with flat valgus.
As a rule, parents are perceptible for the distortion valgus of the foot in their child, when he performs seven to eight months compared to this period, the first attempts at independent walking are inside.If you look at the photo of the flat valgus deformation, you can notice that the legs are folded in the knee joints, the heels inside.
Classification
In medicine, three degrees of severity of the Valgus anomaly are distinguished:
- Light.The ark angle of the ark is less than 140 °, the height of the longitudinal arc of the stop is approximately 15 to 20 mm, the position valgus from the back of the foot is approximately 10 °, the front section of the foot is allocated from 8 to 10 °, the bone of the heel is tilted of 15 °.
- Average.The height of the arc in the second degree of deformation valgus of the foot in children is 150 to 160 °, the height of the longitudinal vault is 10 mm, the heel bone is tilted by 10 °, the position of valgus of the back of the foot and the abduction of the front vault is not more than 15 °.
- Heavy (not on the foot).The height of the vault is 0 to 5 mm, the tilt angle of the calcaneus is 0 to 5 °, the angle of the arc vault exceeds 160-180 °, the position of the rear section and the wire of the front section is greater than 20 °.The child complains of constant pain in the joint.The severe severity of the deformation does not lend itself to a complete correction.
There is another classification of deformation valgus of the feet, which is based on the cause of the disease:
- Compensatory (caused by an Achilles shortcut tendon).
- Structural (due to the innate irregular position of the RAM bone).
- Spastic (is a consequence of muscle cramps that occur due to work disorders of the cerebral cortex).
- Hyper correctional (caused by an illiterate treatment of the curvature of children in the foot).
- Richitic (manifests itself in children with rachitism).
- Paralyte (complication of encephalitis or polio).
- Trauma (caused by a fracture of the ankle joint bones, rupture of ligaments).
Causes of deformation valgus of the feet in children
The deformation valgus of the foot is congenital and acquired.In the first case, the causes of the disease are associated with an intrauterine violation of the location / bone shape.The diagnosis is made in early childhood.
The acquired form of the Valgus anomaly is not caused by the finished tendons, as well as the differences in the development of the musculoskeletal system.As a general rule, the diagnosis of "deformation valgus of the judgment" is made by children of eight months or when a small patient is 1 year old.The gap is most often formed in weakened children with muscle hypotension.
Among the most common causes of deformation valgus of the foot in children:
- non-preremature;
- intrauterine hypotrophy;
- Frequent diseases with bronchitis, acute respiratory viral infections, pneumonia;
- Congenital weakness of connective tissues;
- rickets;
- Ligament wounds, lower leg bones, muscles;
- Long stay in the gypsum;
- Obesity of children;
- Too early to put the child on the legs;
- Wearing poor quality / poorly selected shoes.
In addition, the Valgus anomaly occurs accordingly:
- Cerebral paralysis;
- polyneuropathy;
- osteoporosis;
- dysplasia;
- endocrine and genetic disorders;
- congenital dislocation of the thigh;
- polio;
- Muscularis dystrophy.
Valgus deformation symptoms
Symptoms of the foot valgus deformation in children include:
- By walking, the child does not walk on the whole foot, but only on his inner edge (the legs are "flooded" inwards).
- The legs acquire an X -shaped shape.
- The approach becomes awkward.
- The child complains of pain in the legs, back.
- In the evening, swelling of the feet is possible, cramps.
- The shoes that the child wears are torn unevenly - first of all, the inside of the sole wear out.
If you find similar symptoms in yourself, consult a doctor immediately.It is easier to prevent disease than to deal with the consequences.
Diagnosis
To establish such a diagnosis that the deformation valgus of the judgment, the traumatologist-orthopedist of the doctor examines the child and prescribed a special examination to him:
- Podometre (the method assesses the distribution of the load on certain departments of the feet);
- Computer plantography (allows you to calculate the morphological parameters of the feet);
- X -ray (makes it possible to study the changes in the position of the feet with each other).
In some cases, an additional ultrasound of the joints is necessary.To exclude the connection of the deformation of the valgus with the diseases of the central / peripheral nervous system, the child is directed to a children's neurologist.
How the deformation valgus of the feet in children is treated
The treatment of the deformation valgus of the feet in children aims to normalize the shape of the feet, to restore their functions, strengthening the ligant and muscular device.In the event of a congenital form of the disease, an children's orthopedist may prescribe wearing a gypsum dressing.Conservative treatment also includes:
- Baths at night.Improve muscle tone, ligaments.For the preparation of the bath, it is necessary to dissolve 1/3 cup of sea salt in 10 liters of lukewarm water.Plant the child in the size solution for 20 minutes.The sessions take place every two days.A course includes 15 procedures.Repeat the treatment every 4 months.
- Massage.Massage with valgus distortion of the foot in children is one of the most important treatment points.This should be done by a qualified specialist.
- Mud and ozotoceros applications.
- Paraffin therapy.Paraffin film is made only on the foot or in the form of a boot.Heating improves blood circulation, ligaments.
- Acupuncture.
- Electric stimulation of foot and bottom of the leg muscles.Promotes muscle strengthening.
- Electrophoresis, magnetotherapy.
- Exercise therapy.LFK with a distortion valgus of the foot is carried out daily.The properly selected exercises can improve the flexibility of ligaments, muscle strength, increase joint mobility, normalize tissue metabolism, blood circulation.
To correct the valgus deformation of the feet, the children must wear special shoes with a hard -on -the -he -in and feet fixing, use individual functional soles.As for sports, you can cycle with the Valgus anomaly, swimming.
The disease uses surgical treatment in extreme cases (7%) if all conservative medical measures are ineffective.This can be:
- Arthrodesis operations.Provide the motionless articulation between the heel and the bones of the embankments, because of which the muscles of the inner arc intensify.
- Surgery.The manual correction of the child's stop is carried out, after which the gypsum is superimposed.The sessions take place once a week.After each of them, the foot changes its position.The doctor applies gypsum to the whole foot (from the average third of the thigh).At the same time, the knee is folded at an angle of ninety degrees.During the last session, the doctor fixes the joint of the slope-navicular in the right position, introducing the Kirschner knitting needle through the skin.Then he dresses gypsum for two months.
- Children who have undergone the treatment of the feet valgus deformation using surgery should always wear special orthopedic shoes that support the arches of the feet.
- Small invasive operations that modify the angle between individual bones of the foot, due to which the tension of the ligament apparatus increases.
Hazard
If the degree of deformation is soft, complete recovery is possible.A severe degree of valgus deformation is not an ordinary cosmetic defect.The disease causes serious functional altered members, which can lead to a handicap.
The absence of competent treatment of the anomaly can cause:
- flat feet;
- constant pain in the legs;
- osteochondrosis;
- osteoarthritis;
- shortening of members;
- Posture violation (scoliosis);
- Deformation of the joints of the pelvis, ankle and knee.
Risk group
The biggest risk of getting sick with the deformation of the valgus occurs if the parents put the child early on their feet (up to 9 months), buy it shoes of poor quality or the size is poorly selected.In addition, babies suffering from rachitism, having a genetic predisposition to curvature, are also subject to pathology.
Prevention of the valgus of the foot valgus
The prevention of the disease includes the following points:
- You should not put the child on his feet up to 9 months.
- Exclude the development of rachitism (preventive contribution of vitamin D).
- Buy shoes with orthopedic soles.The backdrop of children's boots must be 3 to 4 cm higher than the heel.The sole has to look well.A prerequisite is the presence of a supervisor.
- Massage the feet.
In addition, you should not ignore the planned examinations of an orthopedist, surgeon, neurologist.At the age of 1 month, the doctor can diagnose the presence of skeleton congenital diseases, in 3 and 6 months to exclude the development of ricotomes, at 1 year to assess the volume of joint movements, the accuracy of vertebral turns, at 3 years - check the staging, posture and measure the duration of the members.
It is impossible to recover quickly with the diagnosis of valgus deformation.Parents will be able to assess the first results at the start of six months after the start of conservative therapy.
This article is published exclusively for cognitive purposes and is not scientific equipment or professional medical advice.